Natri cacbonat là gì?

Natri cacbonat là muối dinatri của axit cacbonic có tính chất kiềm hóa. Khi hòa tan trong nước, natri cacbonat tạo thành axit cacbonic và natri hiđroxit. Là một bazơ mạnh, natri hydroxit trung hòa axit dạ dày, do đó hoạt động như một chất kháng axit.

Chỉ định của Natri cacbonat
Được sử dụng tại chỗ để bôi da, nước súc miệng, thụt rửa âm đạo; sử dụng thú y như một chất kích thích khẩn cấp. Thông thường, đối với các loại thuốc bôi ngoài da như một loại kem dưỡng da. Thuốc (Vet): Trong dung dịch làm sạch da, trong bệnh chàm, làm mềm vảy của bệnh hắc lào.
Dược lực học (Cơ chế hoạt động)
Tác dụng đệm kiềm hóa: Natri bicacbonat là một chất alkyl hóa phân ly để cung cấp các ion bicacbonat. Bicarbonate vượt quá những gì cần thiết để đệm các ion hydro gây ra nhiễm kiềm toàn thân và khi bài tiết, kiềm hóa nước tiểu. Tác dụng chống acid dịch vị: Dùng đường uống, natri bicarbonat trung hòa acid dịch vị theo cơ chế trên.
Dược động học
Carbon dioxide từ các mô khuếch tán nhanh chóng vào các tế bào hồng cầu, nơi nó được hydrat hóa với nước để tạo thành axit cacbonic. Phản ứng này được đẩy nhanh bởi carbonic anhydrase, một loại enzyme có ở nồng độ cao trong tế bào hồng cầu. Axit cacbonic được tạo thành phân ly thành các ion bicacbonat và hydro. Hầu hết các ion bicarbonat khuếch tán vào huyết tương. Vì tỷ lệ H2CO3 so với CO2 hòa tan không đổi ở trạng thái cân bằng, nên pH có thể được biểu thị bằng nồng độ ion bicacbonat và áp suất riêng phần của CO bằng phương trình Henderson-Hasselbach: pH = pk + log [HCO3 -] / aPCO2

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